Science as InquiryAs students progress through the grade levels, their strategies for finding solutions to questions improve as they gain experience conducting simple investigations and working in small groups. They are capable of asking questions and make predictions that can be tested. Students must be encouraged to make more careful observations and measure things with increasing accuracy. During investigations, students must have opportunity to use more advanced tools such as calculators, computers, graduated cylinders, scales and meter sticks to gather data and extend their senses. They must keep accurate records and run enough trials to be confident of their results to test a prediction. They must have experiences that allow them to recognize patterns in data and use data to create reasonable explanations of results of an experiment or investigation. They should be encouraged to employ more sophisticated language, drawings, models, charts and graphs to communicate results and explanations. Students must always use appropriate safety procedures, including listening skills, when conducting simple investigations.

‍Forces and Motion

1. 5.P.1Understand force, motion and the relationship between them.  
   1. 5.P.1.1 Explain how factors such as gravity, friction, and change in mass affect the motion of objects.
   2. 5.P.1.2 Infer the motion of objects in terms of how far they travel in a certain amount of time and the direction in which they travel.
   3. 5.P.1.3 Illustrate the motion of an object using a graph to show a change in position over a period of time.
   4. 5.P.1.4 Predict the effect of a given force or a change in mass on the motion of an object.

‍Matter, Properties and Change

1. 5.P.2 Understand the interactions of matter and energy and the changes that occur. 
   1. 5.P.2.1 Explain how the sun’s energy impacts the processes of the water cycle (including, evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation and runoff).
   2. 5.P.2.2 Compare the weight of an object to the sum of the weight of its parts before and after an interaction.
   3. 5.P.2.3 Summarize properties of original materials, and the new material(s) formed, to demonstrate that a change has occurred.

‍Energy: Conservation and Transfer ‍Earth Systems, Structures & Processes

1. 5.E.1Understand weather patterns and phenomena, making connections to the weather in a particular place and time. 
   1. 5.E.1.1 Compare daily and seasonal changes in weather conditions (including wind speed and direction, precipitation, and temperature) and patterns.
   2. 5.E.1.2 Predict upcoming weather events from weather data collected through observation and measurements.
   3. 5.E.1.3 Explain how global patterns such as the jet stream and water currents influence local weather in measurable terms such as temperature, wind direction and speed, and precipitation.

‍Structures & Functions of Living Organisms

1. 5.L.1Understand how structures and systems of organisms (to include the human body) perform functions necessary for life. 
   1. 5.L.1.1 Explain why some organisms are capable of surviving as a single cell while others require many cells that are specialized to survive.
   2. 5.L.1.2 Compare the major systems of the human body (digestive, respiratory, circulatory, muscular, skeletal, and cardiovascular) in terms of their functions necessary for life.

‍Ecosystems

1. 5.L.2Understand the interdependence of plants and animals with their ecosystem.  
   1. 5.L.2.1 Compare the characteristics of several common ecosystems, including estuaries and salt marshes, oceans, lakes and ponds, forests, and grasslands).
   2. 5.L.2.2 Classify the organisms within an ecosystem according to the function they serve: producers, consumers, or decomposers (biotic factors).
   3. 5.L.2.3 Infer the effects that may result from the interconnected relationship of plants and animals to their ecosystem.

‍Evolution and Genetics

1. 5.L.3Understand why organisms differ from or are similar to their parents based on the characteristics of the organism. 
   1. 5.L.3.1 Explain why organisms differ from or are similar to their parents based on the characteristics of the organism.
   2. Give examples of likenesses that are inherited and some that are not.